Evidence

A crisis in their own words.

1 in 4Americans who will suffer demonic obsession at some point in their livesRossetti
500,000requests for exorcism in Italy, every yearPalilla, to Vatican Radio, 2018
800requests for help in a month, to one society of priestsRipperger
4of those eight hundred fully possessedRipperger
The afflicted

No one understood me

“It was as though I were being killed by an unseen knife, and I felt that whoever was pressing this knife hated me and wanted something more than my death.”

A man, RomeHis own account, printed in Amorth’s first book
The doctors

“I told my doctor and also my priest that it wasn’t me; I didn’t want to feel that way. But I sounded crazy so I stopped saying it.”

A woman, 37, a psychology graduateHer letter, printed in MacNutt’s book

“No hospital in Rome would accept me just because I had a fever… I was dismissed with a bill of health that could have been the envy of every athlete.”

The man in Rome

“[A]ll the analyses were good and the psychological tests declared me perfectly sane… For years, in France, I wandered between clinics and hospitals, with no results.”

A missionary priestQuoted in Amorth’s memoir

“The psychiatrist concluded: ‘Here we have an instance of depression in which the patient believes herself to be damned. The Church speaks of the devil, but it is just melancholy.’ The doctors never even considered contacting a priest.”

A husband, of his wifeHis letter to his bishop, printed in Amorth’s second book
The priests

“How many times she tried to explain her feelings to priests! They never understood her… The doctors simply prescribed larger doses of tranquilizers and sleeping pills.”

The same husband

“After praying over me for a long time they gave up and said it might be a mental illness because the prayers weren’t working… Finally, they came to the conclusion that I must be mentally ill and the Church could not help.”

Emma, PolandOf a religious order’s deliverance ministry. Quoted in a psychiatric case report

“There are many exorcists in Poland but these priests are very confused, although they think they are wise and know best.”

Emma

“I asked priests to help me, but they could not: they understood nothing of my condition because they had no experience of this kind of demonic assault… I spent two terrible years. No one understood me.”

A married woman, ItalyHer own account, printed in Amorth’s second book

What it is like to be afflicted

“I said to the bishop, I don’t think her problem is psychological. I think she’s got a spiritual problem, and so you really need an exorcist.”

Rossetti

“He called three different priests and asked them to be the exorcist. They all said no.”

Rossetti

“No one wanted to do it. They just said, ‘Not me.’”

Rossetti

“So I’m sitting there with the bishop, and he said what do we do now?”

Rossetti

“People said, ‘Aren’t you afraid as an exorcist?’ Why should I be afraid? Jesus is Lord.”

Rossetti
The witnesses
  • RossettiPriest and psychologist. Exorcist of the Archdiocese of Washington for nineteen years.
  • AmorthExorcist of the Diocese of Rome, 1986 to 2016. Founder of the International Association of Exorcists.
  • ForteaPriest, theologian and exorcist, Spain.
  • CollinsVincentian priest and exorcist, Dublin.
  • TruquiMexican priest and exorcist, a pupil of Amorth’s.
  • BamontePresident of the International Association of Exorcists, 2012 to 2024.
  • RippergerFounder of a society of American priests that does exorcism and nothing else.
  • TaraborelliExorcist, Rome.
  • SalvucciExorcist, Fermo, Italy.
  • MacNuttCatholic priest. Prayed deliverance over people for decades, and wrote the manual.
  • MabitPhysician. Founder of the Takiwasi Centre in the Peruvian Amazon.
  • TonelloCoordinator of the exorcists of the Diocese of Padua.
  • The bishopsOf Italy, of Ireland, of Washington.
The cost

The doors are full

“When I started almost twenty years ago, no one talked about it.”

“And then all of a sudden, the last five or seven or eight years, it’s exploded in interest and also requests. We are flooded with requests constantly.”

Rossetti

“The number of requests for exorcism has skyrocketed too, by the way.”

Rossetti

“[W]e get about anywhere from 400 to 800 requests for help a month.”

Ripperger

“[I]t’s only in recent years that the demand has risen exponentially.”

Collins

“The suffering is great, and it is increasing.”

TonelloOur translation from the Italian

“They should be exorcised once a week, minimum, and I’m forced to exorcise them once a month…”

Amorth

“It’s becoming a pastoral emergency.”

The association
Step one

Not me

“He replied that he had been unable to find a priest who would accept the task. Unfortunately, this is a common occurrence.”

Amorth

“Me? I would not know where to start.”

A bishop, told by Amorth he must do it himselfAs recorded by Amorth

“I told the bishop that I can’t find anyone willing to do this. Many of them are scared. Even priests can be scared.”

Taraborelli, Rome, aged seventy-nine

“Few exorcists are being appointed, and there are no longer young priests willing to learn the doctrine and practice of the liberation of souls.”

TruquiOur translation from the Italian
Step two

Nobody is taught

“One can leave the seminary and become a priest without ever having heard a word on the devil, a word on exorcisms, much less the danger of mages and other occult sciences. Or on demonic possession. And so they don’t believe in it, they never preach it.”

Amorth

“The devil was never mentioned.”

“Even today, very few seminaries, if any, teach about this ministry.”

RossettiOn his own seminary, 1980 to 1984

“Very often, we priests do not know how to face concrete cases brought before us.”

“These things don’t get talked about during priestly formation.”

Palilla, PalermoTo Catholic News Service

“How many of you have had someone come to you and say they’ve got demons, need help? Everybody raises their hand. And I said, ‘How many of you had some training either in the seminary or after on how to deal with these issues?’ Nobody raised their hand.”

Rossetti

“And so there was a mentorship. Well, that mentorship collapsed in the fifties.”

Ripperger
20 of 140appointed American exorcists he would trust with a case

“[O]ut of that one hundred forty, maybe only about twenty to twenty-five that I would feel comfortable sending someone to, knowing they’re going to get the help they actually need.”

Ripperger

“It is not sufficient to entrust the ministry of exorcism to priests endowed with piety, knowledge, integrity of life and prudence. Specific preparation is also necessary for this demanding task.”

BamonteOur translation from the Italian
Step three

They do not believe it

“The majority of the clergy, especially cardinals and bishops, don’t consider the Devil as a concrete reality.”

Amorth

“The situation unfortunately has not changed, because even still we have many priests and many bishops who do not believe in it.”

Amorth, 2010

“We can find some priest or bishop who is very traditional but who, let us say it clearly, does not believe in exorcisms because he does not believe in demonic possession.”

ForteaOur translation from the Spanish

“Many times I’ve had priests come to assist me in my exorcisms, who have said to me, ‘Look, Don Amorth, at first I didn’t believe it, but now I really do!’”

Amorth

“Infestations are remarkably frequent, but generally pass unidentified as such, even by religious practitioners.”

MabitPhysician, Takiwasi Centre, Peru

“If you don’t take the Devil seriously, he’ll run rings around you which I think he’s doing by the way.”

Collins
Step four

They will not appoint

“In the majority of dioceses in the world there is no exorcist. That’s how it is… there are cases in which the prelate does not want to name anyone.”

Fortea, 2021Our translation from the Spanish
What bishops told the afflicted, as recorded by Amorth
  • “I do not appoint exorcists as a matter of principle.”
  • “I believe only in parapsychology.”
  • “Do you still believe in such things?”
  • “I do not appoint exorcists and do not practice exorcisms because I am afraid. If the devil becomes my enemy, what am I to do?”
  • “I would like to know who put these idiocies into your mind.”
  • “It is the two of you who are possessed.”

The last, to the parents of a young man the bishop refused to see.

“Each one of these answers brought great suffering to the person who received it.”

Amorth
Step four, at home

Ireland

9 of 26Irish dioceses confirmed they had an exorcist, 2020

“I’ve been complaining for years, I would refer lay people to the local bishop but when they get in touch with bishop’s house, they find that there’s nobody competent.”

Collins

“It’s a dereliction of duty, I really feel that strongly.”

Collins
Step five

They shut it down

“Cases in which a bishop has arrived at a diocese with the will to end the ministry of liberation. This has certainly occurred and must be stated in all its harshness, without diplomacy… It has happened in Europe, in the United States, in many places.”

Fortea, 2021Our translation from the Spanish

“With one stroke he ends a ministry… What will happen to the people he attended to?”

ForteaOur translation from the Spanish

“The problems that turn up (and everyone has heard about them) simply serve as an excuse for denial by many Christian ministers unwilling to recognize a more important problem: that many people suffer from demonic infestation and that there is an enormous vacuum in pastoral practice because most churches are not dealing with demonic infestation.”

MacNutt

“But the answer to abuse is not to shut down the deliverance ministry. The answer is not no use but right use.”

MacNutt

“We exorcists are forced to work almost secretly, like rats in a sewer.”

Salvucci

“Jesus did exorcisms in the street. Now we have to do them in hiding.”

Amorth
Step six

The other door

“[W]hen they turn to the Church, the Church doesn’t know what to do with them, and they refer them on either to a psychologist… and they do fall between the cracks and often are not helped.”

Collins

“Here in Spain, if a psychiatrist grants an interview and says that he believes in demonic possession, he risks having his boss open an investigation against him… he risks losing his position at a hospital or as a professor at a university.”

Fortea, 2017Our translation from the Spanish

“As soon as there are two or three convictions of this type, it’s over. No bishop is going to give permission to perform exorcisms in that country… I assume we are living through the last years of exorcism.”

Fortea, 2017Our translation from the Spanish
The count

More exorcists

20 → 300exorcists in Italy, from 1986 to 2010Amorth
12 → 175Catholic exorcists in the United States, from 2009 to 2019Chavez
15 → 120exorcists in France, after the rite was rewritten in 1999Muchembled
250 → 900+members of the International Association of Exorcists, from 2014 to todayThe association
What they ask for

Every diocese

“I am convinced that allowing the ministry of exorcism to die is an unforgivable deficiency to be laid squarely at the door of bishops… The Catholic hierarchy must say a forceful mea culpa.”

Amorth

“First, I would insist that each diocese be obliged to have an exorcist. Second, [I would insist] that seminaries restore the courses in angelology and demonology…”

Amorth

“[T]he need for each diocese in the world to have one or more priest exorcists.”

The association, to Pope Leo XIV

“To priests, my brother priests: there’s an intense need around the world… It’s part of who we are as priests to deliver people from the power of the devil. All of us.”

Rossetti
The afflicted

The voice wasn’t me

“I began looking for an exorcist. During my quest, priests and bishops laughed at me and subjected me to humiliations.”

The man in Rome

“Not only was she told that there were no exorcists and that there was no need of one, but she was also ridiculed for her fears and told not to give in to her imagination, because priests had much more important work to do than to deal with foolishness.”

AmorthOn a family friend who asked an auxiliary bishop for help for a girl of eighteen, 1986

“How about those who are tormented by the evil one? Aren’t they poor? I belonged to this needy category for eighteen years, but every priest I contacted understood nothing, absolutely nothing of this poverty of mine, and gave me no help.”

The married woman, to her bishop

“[W]hen they realized I was possessed, they just stopped because it was too overwhelming for them. . . They completely rejected me, avoided any kind of services, confession.”

Emma, three years later

“I have talked to my priest and he is sympathetic. He tells me to go to confession, but it is not enough. I need help.”

A woman, writing to MacNutt

“My psychiatrist came and told me I had to be admitted. I refused because I knew I could not get the help I needed in a hospital.”

The same woman, two weeks later

“After talking and talking, Father said in essence that I was a nice, confused lady who needed a psychiatrist. That hurt, not because I hadn’t heard it before, but because I hadn’t come all the way to a distant city to hear it.”

The same letter

“Then I asked him pointblank about the voice. He was very distressed but said he thought the voice was mine.”

The same letter

“I told him I didn’t know what to say except that I knew the voice wasn’t me. ‘How do you know?’ he asked.”

The same letter
Where the Church is absent

Others step in

“The six women who were there were trying to deliver me of several demonic forces… They yelled at me, threw me around and poured oil in my mouth to drink… It left me quite confused, frightened and tormented.”

A woman, of a prayer meeting at a friend’s houseHer letter, printed in Lozano, Unbound

“[A] group of men — the pastor and his assistants — took me to a separate room and simply tried to force the evil spirit out of me. When I resisted, they used physical force. . . they tied my hands, they sat on my legs, someone sat on my arm…”

Emma, at fifteen

“I felt they were crossing my boundaries but when I tried to protest they saw it as the manifestation of evil. It was painful and I was bruised and torn.”

Emma

“I could not talk and they physically restrained me. The voice kept saying, ‘Make the “connection”; let me do it. They can’t hold you if you do; they don’t know how.’”

The woman who wrote to MacNuttOf a lay couple who prayed over her
The afflicted

I was not crazy

“After a while I felt a cold, almost frozen, dew fall on my head and on the rest of my body. My fever left me for the first time in almost one year… The light of day was returning, the song of the birds ceased to sound like the cawing of crows, and the noises around me were not obsessive anymore; they were simply noises.”

The man in RomeAt his first blessing

“[A]ll my pain, had been caused by the rage of ‘someone’ who hated me, and I was not crazy. ‘It is true,’ I kept repeating to myself in the car, ‘it is all true.’”

The man in Rome

“I was not afraid. I let go completely and the demon left. God held me very gently… It feels strange, but good, just to be me. The voice and the connection in my head are gone.”

The woman who wrote to MacNuttFreed by a nun, in a retreat house

“I called on the name of Jesus, and I was delivered. It was like a heavenly vacuum cleaner came down over my shoulders and just sucked this thing out.”

Derek Prince

“[T]he most important moment for me was when I recognized the devil’s existence… I finally understood that I was not mad. I would not have been able to do this without the intervention of the exorcist, and my vocation would have been ruined.”

A young religious in formationHis testimony, printed in Amorth’s memoir

“[F]or the first time in many years, my wife slept through the night with a restful, quiet sleep, without pills or tranquilizers.”

The husband

“Is it right to allow individuals to suffer the pains of hell only because we refuse to believe in the reality of diabolical possession? Does the Church provide a sufficient number of exorcist priests in response to our current needs?”

The husband, to his bishop

“But who believes these victims?”

Amorth
Sources, in order
  1. Rossetti · The Lila Rose Show, ep. 243. Palilla · to Vatican Radio, February 2018, as reported by The Local and Newsweek; the same figure is given by the Association of Italian Catholic Psychiatrists and Psychologists, as cited in Baglio, The Rite (2009). Ripperger · interview, Tucker Carlson.
  2. The afflicted · the man in Rome, in Amorth, An Exorcist Tells His Story; Alessandro, the married woman and the husband, in Amorth, An Exorcist: More Stories; the missionary priest, in Amorth, Memoirs of an Exorcist (2010); the woman of 37, in MacNutt, Deliverance from Evil Spirits (1995); Ron and Joan, in David J. Hufford, The Terror That Comes in the Night (1982), cases 10 and 20; Nik Keswani, “Attacked by Demons”, YouTube; the young man, “Testimony: Freedom From Sleep Paralysis and Tormenting Voices”, The Pentecostals of Sydney, YouTube; Derek Prince, “Nature and Activity of Demons” and other recorded sermons, YouTube.
  3. Rossetti, the three priests · interviews with Fr Mark Baron, MIC (Divine Mercy) and Mike Creavey (Gracious Guest Show), YouTube. “Why should I be afraid?” · the same interview with Fr Baron.
  4. Rossetti · The Lila Rose Show, ep. 243; Gracious Guest Show. Ripperger · interview, Tucker Carlson.
  5. Collins · to The Irish Catholic, January 2018, as reported by CNA. Tonello · Diocese of Padua, “Esorcisti, esorcismi e cammini di liberazione”, YouTube.
  6. Amorth · The Devil Is Afraid of Me, with Marcello Stanzione (2019). The association · Dr Valter Cascioli, to CNA, November 2014.
  7. Amorth, the bishop who could find no priest · An Exorcist Tells His Story. Taraborelli · to the BBC, October 2016, as reported by Christian Today. Truqui · as quoted by Balarm, 29 March 2019.
  8. Amorth · Memoirs of an Exorcist, with Marco Tosatti (2010). Rossetti · The Lila Rose Show. Collins · CNA, 2018. Ripperger · interview, Tucker Carlson. Palilla · to Catholic News Service, as reported in America. Bamonte · on the second edition of Possessioni diaboliche ed esorcismo (Paoline), YouTube.
  9. Amorth · to Newsweek, June 1992; Memoirs of an Exorcist. Fortea · “Obispos y exorcismo”, talk to the fifth congress on exorcism, Dominican Republic, 2021, YouTube. Collins · The Irish Catholic, November 2020. Mabit · Takiwasi Centre.
  10. The bishops’ replies · Amorth, An Exorcist Tells His Story and An Exorcist: More Stories.
  11. Collins · to The Irish Catholic, November 2020. Diocese survey by GRIS, the Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum and the University of Bologna, reported in the same.
  12. Fortea · “Obispos y exorcismo”, 2021. MacNutt · Deliverance from Evil Spirits (1995). Salvucci · Pastoral Indications of an Exorcist, as quoted in Newsweek, June 1992. Amorth · Memoirs of an Exorcist.
  13. Collins · CNA, 2018. Fortea · interview with Yohanan Díaz Vargas, 2017, YouTube.
  14. Amorth · Father Amorth: My Battle Against Satan (2018). Chavez · “Modern Practice, Archaic Ritual”, Religions 12:811 (2021). Muchembled, as given by Giordan & Possamai. The International Association of Exorcists · Amorth, An Exorcist Explains the Demonic (2016), and the association.
  15. Amorth · An Exorcist Tells His Story; An Exorcist Explains the Demonic. The association · proposal to Pope Leo XIV, March 2026, as reported by EWTN News. Rossetti · interview with Fr Mark Baron, MIC.
  16. The afflicted · the man in Rome and the married woman, in Amorth, An Exorcist Tells His Story and An Exorcist: More Stories; the girl of eighteen, An Exorcist: More Stories; Emma, in Pietkiewicz, Kłosińska & Tomalski, Frontiers in Psychiatry 13 (2022); the woman who wrote to MacNutt, in Francis MacNutt, Deliverance from Evil Spirits (1995).
  17. The woman at the prayer meeting · letter in Neal Lozano, Unbound (2003). Emma · Pietkiewicz et al. (2022). The woman who wrote to MacNutt · Deliverance from Evil Spirits.
  18. The man in Rome · An Exorcist Tells His Story. The woman who wrote to MacNutt · Deliverance from Evil Spirits. Derek Prince · “How To Be Delivered From Demons”, recorded sermon, YouTube. The young religious · Amorth, Memoirs of an Exorcist. The husband · Amorth, An Exorcist: More Stories.

Every quotation is given as its speaker gave it. Square brackets mark a capital or a word supplied where a quotation starts mid-sentence; an ellipsis marks words left out. Spanish and Italian quotations are our own translations from the recordings and articles named. If you are quoted here and we have got you wrong, write and we will correct it: hello@metanoiaproject.ie

Martin Schongauer, Saint Anthony Tormented by Demons, c.1470–75. Jacques Callot, from The Temptation of Saint Anthony, 1635. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, public domain.

See also A crisis in numbers, and The Black Paper, Part three.

Join the newsletter for our latest thinking.

Subscribe